9/22/2023 0 Comments India ink negative stain![]() ![]() Townsend KM, Boyce JD, Chung JY, Frost AJ, Adler B (2001) Genetic organization of Pasteurella multocida cap loci and development of a multiplex capsular PCR typing system. The goals of this presentation are: to help you understand the large public health burden and high death rate from cryptococcal meningitis, to describe the different methods that are used to diagnose cryptococcal infection and describe the general steps to perform tests to diagnose cryptococcal disease, and to help you understand the rationale f. Waite RD, Penfold DW, Struthers JK, Dowson CG (2003) Spontaneous sequence duplications within capsule genes cap8E and tts control phase variation in Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes 8 and 37. J Clin Microbiol 46:2231–2240Ĭhen Y, Dai J, Morris JG, Johnson JA (2010) Genetic analysis of the capsule polysaccharide (K antigen) and exopolysaccharide genes in pandemic Vibrio parahaemolyticus O3: K6. Place a single drop of India ink on a clean microscope slide. India ink is a negative stain that will show a clear zone where the capsule is. Negative staining is an excellent way to determine an organisms cellular morphology. ![]() Pan YJ, Fang HC, Yang HC, Lin TL, Hsieh PF, Tsai FC, Keynan Y, Wang JT (2008) Capsular polysaccharide synthesis regions in Klebsiella pneumoniae serotype K57 and a new capsular serotype. India Ink should appear opaque, and black in color. Remus DM, van Kranenburg R, van Swam II, Taverne N, Bongers RS, Wels M, Bron PA, Kleerebezem M (2012) Impact of 4 Lactobacillus plantarum capsular polysaccharide clusters on surface glycan composition and host cell signaling. Oleksy M, Klewicka E (2017) Capsular polysaccharides of Lactobacillus spp.: theoretical and practical aspects of simple visualization methods. J Pathol Bacteriol 63:673–685īutt EM, Bonynge CW, Joyce RL (1936) The demonstration of capsules about hemolytic streptococci with India ink or azo blue. Biotech Histochem 79:107–108ĭuguid J (1951) The demonstration of bacterial capsules and slime. Owen MP, Kiernan JA (2004) The M’Fadyean reaction: a stain for anthrax bacilli. HIV-negative patients and HIV-positive patients with other fungal or. Maneval W (1941) Staining bacteria and yeasts with acid dyes. India ink staining is rapid but lacks sensitivity and is subjective to technician. Hiss PH Jr (1905) A contribution to the physiological differentiation of pneumococcus and streptococcus, and to methods of staining capsules. Appl Environ Microbiol 74:4746–4755Īnthony E Jr (1931) A note on capsule staining. Yasuda E, Serata M, Sako T (2008) Suppressive effect on activation of macrophages by Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota genes determining the synthesis of cell wall-associated polysaccharides. Lebeer S, Verhoeven TL, Francius G, Schoofs G, Lambrichts I, Dufrêne Y, Vanderleyden J, De Keersmaecker SCJ (2009) Identification of a gene cluster for the biosynthesis of a long, galactose-rich exopolysaccharide in Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and functional analysis of the priming glycosyltransferase. Cress BF, Englaender JA, He W, Kasper D, Linhardt RJ, Koffas MA (2014) Masquerading microbial pathogens: capsular polysaccharides mimic host-tissue molecules. ![]()
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